Infertility can be diagnosed with a variety of tests. For instance, blood tests can provide information about hormonal imbalances, while imaging (such as MRI, ultrasound, or a saline sonohysterogram - a specific ultrasound of the uterus while it is filled with saline solution) allows insight into and visualization of the structural and anatomical picture of the reproductive organs. The first step in diagnosing infertility is usually a thorough physical exam and sharing patient and family history, as well as one's personal fertility journey with a healthcare provider. During such an exam, external symptoms such as varicoceles or abnormal vaginal discharge or appearance can often already be identified. There are also more specific tests, such as a microscopic sperm sample analysis, which shows abnormalities in sperm conformation or composition (such as low sperm count, low sperm motility or pathological sperm morphology). Similarly, a hysteroscopy (inserting a light microscope vaginally into the uterus) enables a detailed image of the uterine anatomy and morphology (including possible problems such as endometriosis or uterine fibroids). The same may also be achieved with a hysterosalpingogram (HSG), which can be used to visualize the uterus and/or the Fallopian tubes to check for possible blockage (occlusion). This is a fluoroscopic X-Ray procedure in which the uterus is filled with a dye to increase the contrast and quality of the imaging created.